What is Methadone?

German scientists first synthesized Methadone/dolophine, in 1937 in their attempt to find an analgesic that would be easier to use during surgical procedures.  Brand names for Methadone include Dolophine Hydrochloride, Methadose and Methadose Oral Concentrate.  Methadone has a slow metabolism and very high lipid solubility, making it longer lasting than morphine-based drugs.  Methadone has a typical half-life of 24-36 hours, which permits administration only once a day in heroin detoxification and maintenance programs.

Methadone is a narcotic pain reliever, similar to morphine, which reduces withdrawal symptoms for those individuals who are addicted to heroin or other narcotic drugs without causing the “high” associated with drug addiction.  Methadone is used as a pain reliever and as part of a drug detoxification and maintenance program.

Methadone has traditionally been provided to the addicted population in a regulated, clinical setting.  Methadone is considered to be very effective in managing heroin addiction and reducing HIV infection rates by eliminating needle sharing.

In recent years, Methadone has gained popularity among physicians for the treatment of other medical problems associated with chronic pain.  This may be due to the fact that the drug is only administered once a day and is relatively low cost.  A month’s supply of Methadone will typically retail at $30-$50 in the United States compared to hundreds of dollars for alternative methods of treatment. 

Methadone should be taken exactly as prescribed and should not be used in larger doses or for a longer period of time than recommended by a physician.  Methadone is available for oral consumption as a tablet and also comes in liquid form.  Certain types of Methadone may even be injected.  To get the most benefit, Methadone should be taken on a regular basis and a patient should never skip a dose. 

Methadone may be habit-forming.  When an individual stops using Methadone, he or she may have withdrawal symptoms if Methadone was used for a long period of time.  Methadone will need to be gradually reduced and a patient should never quit taking it cold turkey.

Individuals who are taking Methadone should not use any form of narcotic drug or drink alcohol.  Because some medicines for cold remedies/allergies may contain alcohol, check with your doctor before taking anything over-the-counter.  Methadone may also cause side effects that may temporarily impair your thinking or reactions.

 

Possible side effects of Methadone include the following:

1. Allergic reactions to include difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat.
2. Difficulty breathing
3. Hallucinations or confusion
4. Swelling of the feet and ankles
5. Urinating less than usual
6. Chest pain
7. Light-headed or feeling faint
8. Feeling anxious, nervous or restless
9. Sleep problems
10. Dizziness or drowsiness
11. Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea
12. Loss of appetite
13. Dry mouth
14. Constipation
15. Weakness
16. Decreased sex drive, impotence or difficulty having an orgasm

It is possible to overdose on Methadone.  Symptoms of an overdose may include:

1. Small, pinpoint pupils
2. Difficulty breathing
3. Drowsiness
4. Cool, clammy skin
5. Loss of consciousness
6. Loss of muscle tone

If you notice any of the above listed overdose symptoms, seek immediate medical treatment.

 

Drug Specific Information

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